FACIAL PARALYSIS:

Facial paralysis is the satate of weakness of the facial muscles mostly starting
immediately, seen on one side or sometimes both sides of the face. The one half
of the face hangs down, the side of the mouth is seen as if pulled downwards and
the patient is unable to close the affected side eye lid. The patient can not
perform whistling or smiling. In the severe cases, the patient can have
difficult in eating and controlling his saliva. The dryness of the eye can be
encountered due to the open eye lid.

The reason of the facial paralysis is unknown in most of the patients. The
patient mostly define an exposure to cold or wind before the paralysis.
Infection, trauma, tumor or vascular diseases can result in facial paralysis.

Some of the patients experiencing facial paralysis can be treated with drug
therapy. Some cases can not treated with the drug therapy and the weakness
perseveres. The mouth is drawn to one side, the eye lid is left opened.The
danger of blindness due to the unability to close the eyelid and the
disturbances of the nourishment are severe problems. These situations can affect
the patient’s social life and should be treated appropriately.

The patients that can not be treated by drug theraphy for one year, should
attend to a plastic and reconstructive surgeon. The rotation of the chewing
muscles of the face, transfer of muscles from other parts of the body, the
repair of the nerve or hanging are some treatment modalities. The surgical
intervention can prevent severe problems, such as blindness and nourishment
disturbances and aesthetic results achieved by the plastic and reconstrcutive
surgeons can help the patient to have a normal social life.

TUMORS of FACE:

Face is the region that is the most exposed to sun and environmental factors and
that is the reason of encountering increased number of lesions over the face.
The treatment at the early phase of these lesions are very easy whereas, severe
and late cases can be troublesome.

The most common lesion is the nevus. The misbelief of transformation of the
nevus to cancer if surgically excised culminates in insufficient treatment.
However, a nevus can transform into cancer with exposure to sun and
environmental factors and should be excised by a plastic and reconstructive
surgeon with an appropriate width and depth limit and should be closed with an
appropriate technique.

The skin tumor should be excised with the intact border seen macroscopically.
Only in the malignant melanoma, this situation is peculiar. The skin tumours
should be excised totally avoiding biopsies that are done for diagnosis.

The treatment of the lesion done by other specialists (eg. dermatologist,
general surgeon..etc.) will not be enough in most of the cases, as they have
difficuties in closing a wider wound and they pretend to excise the lesion
smaller to be able to close easier. The lesion should be excised by a pastic and
reconstructive surgeon who is capable of closing any kind of wound or defect
easly and perfectly.

Any lesion or defect that tend not to heal spontaneously or tend to increase in
size should not be neglected and should be treated ergently.

BURNS of FACE:

Hot liquid, flame or chemical substances can cause burn and depending of the
depth of the burn, unaesthetic appereance ans scars can be encountered
especially around the face region. The liquid loss in the first 48 hours after
the burn is the crucial time for life saving and the patient should be supplied
with liquids.

The second important point is the infection after burns. The protection from the
infection is more important than the treatment of it. The burn should not be
applied any materials such as, yoghurt, toothpaste…etc. except water (sterile
isotonic solution). If the burn is as extensive as 15% or more of the body, the
patient should be hospitalized.

The late period treatment of burns after 6-12 months is executed by plastic and
reconstructive surgeon. The stretched tissues around eye can result even in
blindness. The disturbances in breathing and nourishment can be encountered with
the stretched tissues around mouth and nose. The burns around ear result in loss
of the external parts of the ear and the narrowing of the external auditiory
canal. The unpleasent appereance of the head and hair after burns can be one of
the annoying problems for the patient.

The stretched tissues maturate until 6-12 months and any early intervention can
result in recurrences. The functional disturbances are more important in the
burns around the eye, mouth, nose and neck. The treatment can be a simple z-plasty
method or utilisation of expander technique depending of the type of the
stretched tissue and localization.

The face being the most vital and aesthetic region of our body, any undesirable
effect can result in social and psychological disturbances. The hinderance of
the unwanted results and appropriate treatment not only saves the patient’s life
but also helps to have a better life quality.

FACE INJURIES(TRAUMA):

The facial region is the most important part in the communication with the
environment. Any wound or a simple abrasion can make the patient anxious. The
plastic and reconstructive surgeon can tranquilize the patient with a trauma to
the face.

The face injuries can be cathegorized in two groups

The first; the injuries of the face without any broken facial bones. These can
be in a wide perspective of small lacerations to amputation of ear or nose. Any
intervention to the face that is not appropriate can result in very unpleasent
situations. To avoid such a tragic situaiton, any injury to face should remind a
specialised aesthetic, plastic and reconstructive surgeon. The plastic surgeon
can treat a cut with aesthetic suturation or replant an amputated organ and can
achieve excellent results.

The second; the injuries of the face with broken face bones. The fractures of
the bone at the prominent part of the cheek(zygomatic bone), the upper or lower
jaws can result in extensive aesthetic disturbances or functional disorders in
chewing when treated late or wrongly. Following the 24 hours of the injury, the
fracture can be treated with an elastic bandage or with fixation with plates
according to the type of the injury.

This decision is made by the plastic surgeon depending on the fracture. The
fracture of the bones surrounding the eye(orbita) is very important and these
can result in disturbances in seeing, such as diplopia(double vision).

The unacceptable results can be prevented by the plastic surgeon even at the
first examination. The excellent results achieved in the face injuries honour
the plastic and reconstructive surgeons and differentiate them from any other
specialisations.
 

HAND INJURIES:

The most common injuries occur in the hands, which are the founders of the
civilisation. There are bones, tendons that move our fingers and nerves that
help us feel objects. These structures may get ruined because of the injuries.
Moreover, total breakouts may occur. Cuts or squeezes may cause these injuries.
A
plastic surgeon should be applied in such cases.

In simple cuts on the hand, the stitches will be enough. However in the cuts
that affect deeper strucutres, the application to a plastic surgeon is mandatory.
When the tendons are cut, they are repaired. A 2 to 3 month physical therapy
programme is applied after repair. Microsurgery is applied in the cuts of the
vessels and nerves.

These are repaired by the help of an operating microscope or other tools. In
case of the amputation of an organ, the amputated piece should be wrapped in a
clean wet gauze, and this should be kept in a plastic bag, which is also placed
in another plastic bag full of ice. A plastic surgeon should be applied
immediately. We must never forget to leave the treatment of our hands that are
our most important organs, to the hands of the professional experience.

THE BURN CONTRACTIONS IN HAND:

Burns cause not only the physical but also the functional disorders. If joints
such as hands, ankles, knees, elbows or necks are not treated properly,
contractions may occur.

These have to be operated. The best timing fot such an operation is 3-6 months
after the initial burn. Because, the burn wounds heal in 6 months to 2 years. A
plastic surgeon should be consulted at the end of this period. During the
operation the contraction bands are removed. If the absence of a part of skin
occurs, it is reinforced by the flaps or skin grafts.

Differing due to the operated area, physical therapy is applied to the burns
with a special mechanism (splint). The area should be kept oily for 6 months.

Therefore, the function can be replaced. However, aesthetically satisfactory
results may not be gained. The main aim of these operations is to have that
organ regain its function.
 

EYELID FALLS (PITOSIS):

The "lowerpositioning" of the upper eyelids is called pitosis (eye lid falls).
The lower border of a normal eyelid is situated 1 to 2 mm lower than the
superior arcus of the cornea on direct gaze. Various syndromes or affected
regions of the body can be encountered with pitosis which can have congenital or
acquired reasons, so the patient should be examined intensely by a specialised
plastic and reconstructive surgeon.

Surgically hanging, the excision of the excess tissues and reconstrcution or
shortening of the eyelids by suturation techniques(plication) are possible
treatment modalities that can culminate in excellent functional and aesthetic
results.

HAND ANOMALIES:

A significant deformity affecting the upper extremity results in emotionally
charged experiences for the parents looking forward to having a newborn with
happiness and excitement. The parents feeling guilty for the future and anxiety
mixed up with anger sink into despair for the reasons and results of the
deformity. To overcome the fear of the parents, the patient should be evaluated
by a hand surgeon in the early period.

The deformity can have a perspective between unimportant states; possessing
unpropotional hands and important states; being functionally handicapped. The
timing for the surgical intervention is decided by the surgeon according to the
situation. In some instances (eg. The constriction bands of hand), very early
intervention is necessary but, in differents cases, the operation should be
postponed until the age of 8.(eg. Tendon graftng or transfers)

The hand anomalies, classified as the cessation of development or
differentiation, over or under growth, duplication, congenital constriction or
general skletal anomalies, can be treated successfully by a specialised plastic
and reconstrcutive surgeon.

HYPOSPADIAS:

Hipospadias is a congentital deformity, known as the prophet circumcision. In
these patients, the urination orifice is mislocated somewhere under the penis,
instead of its normal place. These children urinate towards their feet, and if
not treated, loss of reproductive abilities can be a problem in the adulthood.
The optimum timimg for the operation is 4-6 years of age. The patient is
controlled twice a year until the operation.The first rule in hypospadias is
that the parents should avoid circumcision. The surgical interventions to the
cases which are late-recognised, can be more complicated and difficult.

There are various operation techniques that can be committed by a plastic and
reconstructive surgeon easily. The "uretrocutaneous advancement" or Şensöz
technique is one of those accepted and being utilised widely throughout the
world and can achieve good functional results and patient satisfaction.

CLEFT LIPS AND CLEFT PALATES:

Cleft lip and cleft palates are one of the most commonly seen natal
abnormalities in our country. The sequence of these abnormalities is stated to
be once in 665-762 births in the classical books. This percentage can increase
up to 2% if any of the parents has, and up to 14% if both of the parents have
this abnormality. These rates increase also due to the marriages between the
relatives, which can still be seen in our country. Cleft lips and cleft palates
are situations that bring unhappiness together with a deep anxiety to both the
family and the relatives with the birth of the child. The parents worry about
not only the physical appearance but also the IQ level of the child.

These abnormalities which can be seen either together or separately, are not
related to child’s general condition of health or IQ level except for rare
situations, despite their dramatic physical appearance. Moreover, it would not
be wrong to say that these children are more likely to be friendly and clever
when they grow up. These children are also successfully treated. We can
successfully operate both cleft lips and cleft palates using the operation
techniques, which are accepted and applied, all around the world.

The ideal operation time for the cleft lips is when the child is 3 months old
and for the cleft palates, it is when the child is 10-12 months old though it
changes according to the location.

For the cleft lips, in addition to the operation in the third month after birth,
aesthetic operations are added to the treatment right before the child starts
school, at the age of 11 and at the age of 16 for the remaining traces over the
lip or the nasal asymmetries that can occur in different degrees. For the cleft
palate, the operation in the tenth or twelfth month is enough for the treatment,
however, the child should be taken under the control of the professional
institutions for speaking problems.

Unfortunately, the most important problems which stems from the lack of
education in our country is, the patients’ being brought extremely late for the
treatment. This has a critical importance as follows;

The cleft palate patients may become face to face with untreatable problems if
they are brought after the twelfth month or especially after they start to talk.
Because, cleft palate also involves some problems in the soft palate muscles in
addition to the bones, which provide the pronuonciation of the letters such as
"k" and "g" by closing the link between the mouth and the nasal space depending
on the cleft.

If the cleft palate is not operated before the beginning of speech, and the
patient starts to talk in such a condition, permanent inadequacies occur in
these muscles and even if the cleft is operated after this step, permanent
disorders in the ability of speech occurs.

Timing is also important for the cleft lips, because, the more the child grows
up, the more difficult the operation gets and parallel to this, the results
become less satisfactory.

If parents observe such an abnormality on their child, they should immediately
apply to a professional centre and have their children taken under control. With
these kind of immediate surgical treatments, these abnormalities will not have
any negative physical or social effects on the child’s future life.

NATAL EAR ABSENCE:

The whole or partial absence of one ear or both ears are situations that often
come across in the plastic surgery centres.The functionally or aesthetically
proper construction of ears, which have an important role in a person’s life
both functionally and aesthetically as a part of human face, is of utmost
importance. The applied operation, which is also accepted worldwide, consists of
two steps. As it is known, what gives its shape to the ear is the cartilage part
that is under the skin.

This ear cartilage provides the shape of all the curves in the ear. Therefore,
the most important point of the treatment is to construct a frame that will take
the place of this cartilage. The second important point is the skin
reinforcement, which will occur after the construction of the absent part. This
operation which consists of two steps should be applied at the ages of 5-6 when
the ear growth is completed(85-90%). The operation technique is simply as
follows;

Among all the different techniques that are used to form the frame that will
shape the ear, the most commonly applied one is the using of a synthetic
material (medpore) or a piece of cartilage that can easily be taken from the
cartilage parts of the ribs. After the material is chosen, it needs to be shaped.
In the absence of single ear, the frame is shaped according to the shape of the
other ear. In the absence of both ears, since there isn’t a shape that can be
taken as example, the material is shaped by taking the mother’s ear as the
model. After that step, the frame is placed under the skin where the ear should
be situated.

After this first session, the frame adapts to its new place in a couple of
months. In the second step, this frame is lifted up in a way that there are some
tissue under it. In this situation, there is the absence of skin both at the
backside of the ear, which is newly constructed, and in the place that the frame
is lifted. The reinforcement of this is very easy and with a special tool called
dermatome, skin grafts are taken from the thighs according to the size of the
required skin, and are placed where necessary. The post-operative appearance of
the ear is an swollen ladle shape, however this appearance disappears in 6-12
months after the skin adapts to the frame, the curves get clear and the swollen
ladle shape totally disappears.

As it can be seen from the pictures, the results are extremely satisfactory for
the people to get rid of their problems. Since satisfactory results can be taken
despite the long period of treatment, it is the parents’ responsibility to have
the natal ear absence treated at the appropriate age.
 

RHINOPLASTY

The first thing one notices when they look at your face is your nose, because it
is the most protrusive part of the face. The harmony of the nose with the other
parts of the face determines your beauty. Moreover, the nose, as the gate of
respiratory system, has many important functions such as breathing,

filtration, heating and humidifying of air, smelling and taking as much air as
needed by the lungs.
The aesthetic or functional disorder in the nose can result from either
congenital or an accident or an injury happened. Rhinoplasty can be performed to
meet aesthetic goals or for reconstructive purposes-to correct functional
defects.

If the patient has complaints about breathing problems resulting from septum
nasi deviation or large concha or polyp, all of these can be healed through
rhinoplasty. In some rare cases, the size of the nostrils may be required to
narrow, as well.Currently, there are two methods employed in rhinoplasty.

1- Classical Method : The incision is made from inside the nostrils. There will
be no incision scar or sutures visible. Part of the sculpting of the structure
of the nose is done through groping without actually seeing it.

2- Open Rhinoplasty: Open rhinoplasty is a technique developed recently and
employed widespread all over the world. In open rhinoplasty the nasal skin is
lifted off by a small incision on columella. By naked eyes, the structure of the
nose made of cartilage and bone is sculpted. Then the nasal skin is replaced on
the reshaped nose structure. Columellar incision leaves 4-5 sutures. The scar of
the sutures disappears in one month.

Before the surgery, the required laboratory test and preparations are made.

The surgery of rhinoplasty should be performed in a fully-equipped hospital
under general anesthesia and sedation plus local anesthesia.

The surgery is takes 1 or 1.5 hours.

After the surgery, you will have splint over the nose and intra-nasal package.

You may stay at hospital for 1 day or return home on the same day of the surgery.

Two days after the operation, intra-nasal package are removed. The package can
be surgical gauze or spongy tissue which allows breathing.

The removal of the nasal package does not cause pain, therefore there is no need
to feel anxious about it.

One week after the surgery, the splint is removed. It is replaced by a bandage
which will stay there for 6 days.

There may be bruising or minor swelling in the eye area for 1 or 2 weeks.

The patient can return to workplace 14 days after the surgery without any
bandage on the nose.

The patient is recommended not to wear glasses for 6 months and avoid excessive
heat and cold and any nasal trauma for three months.

Swellings disappear in about 3 months.

The last and permanent shape of the nose is achieved 6 months after the surgery.

Although rarely if a small (1-5 %), revision is required, it should performed
after six months of the surgery..

6 months after the rhinoplasty surgery, only the people who have close relations
with the patient may notice he/she had a rhinoplasty operation. If a stranger
notices that the person has had a rhinoplasty, it means that the surgery is not
successful.If you believe that you need a rhinoplasty, we recommend you to
select a competent surgeon and provide detailed information on all the risks and
possibilities from the surgeon before the surgery.

Face Lift

What is surgery of the face?

An alternative name given to face lift is Rhytidectomy. With frequent weight
loss and gain and people over 40 years of age the skin loosens and becomes
flabby due to the force of gravity. Ultimate treatment of deep wrinkles formed
in the face and neck and saggy skin is achieved through face lift.

Who are the Best Candidates for a Face lift?

The best candidates for a face lift are men or women whose face and neck have
begun to sag, but whose skin still has some elasticity and who has no other
systemic disorder. Most candidates of face lift are after forty years of age. In
order to make you feel look younger and fresher, the face lift can be done with
rhinoplasty, forehead lift or eyelid surgery(blepharoplasty). For creases that
are not deep, peeling (mechanical or chemical) or injection of fillers (fat or
hyaluronic acid and the like) can be performed.

Before the Surgery: If you plan to have a face lift, you should have decided
what you want and why you want to have this surgery. Discuss your goals and
expectations as well as the details of the operation with your surgeon.If you
smoke, it’s especially important to stop ten days before surgery. Also, aspirin,
aspirin-based drugs and vitamine E, you should stop taking them then days before
surgery. Discuss with your surgeon your habits of sunbathing and skincare. Do
not forget to ask about what you need to do after the surgery, if you want your
surgery to produce positive results. If necessary, discuss with your surgeon
several times. You should enter the surgery room without any hesitation or
question in mind.

The Surgery: The surgery is performed in fully equipped hospitals under the
supervision of an anesthesia specialist. It can be performed under general
anesthesia as well as sedation plus local anesthesia. Under normal conditions,
the surgery takes 2 to 4 hours. You can be discharged from hospital on the same
day of the surgery. Additional operations (such as rhinoplasty, blephoraplasty
or filler injection, and the like) may cause the surgery last longer. In that
case, the patient stays at hospital for one day. Rhytidectomy is a surgery that
leaves scar. But this scar is not noticeable and will be invisible in time. The
scars are usually hidden by your hair or in the natural creases of your face and
ears. In any case, they’ll fade within time and should be scarcely visible.

After the Surgery

Early period after the surgery does usually not cause severe discomfort.
A general swelling of your face, some bruising and numbness and tension are
possible.All of these will disappear in 3-5 days.
Bandages are used with openings for nose, mouth and eyes.
Drainage tubes are removed after 2 days.
Similarly, bandages are usually removed after 2 days.
General check and compression change are done.
Patient’s hair is washed.
The sutures are removed after 5 to 7 days.

Getting Back to Normal Life

The results of face lift are generally good or excellent. Very rarely, a
revision may be required. These are simple operations performed under local
anesthesia without any hospitalization. The patient can return to normal in one
week and can wear make-up. The new shape given to the skin of the neck and face
will be affected by the gravity force and living style. Depending on the
patient’s general characteristics, your new face will continue sometimes 5 to 10
years and sometimes for a lifetime.

Eye Brow Lift

It is performed through small incisions in the hairline on temples and the
eyebrows are lifted. You do not need to be hospitalized. You can go back to work
after one day.

Suspension Technique of Face and Eyebrow

Slightly loose facial skin and eyebrows can be lifted through the method of
suspension without any surgical operation. The effect is not permanent with this
method.

MAMMAPLASTY

1-Augmentation Mammaplasty

Breasts are significant formations symbolizing the beauty and feminity. They may
be small for structural reasons. In some cases, there may be only one breast. Or,
one of them may be too small while the other in normal size. (asymmetrical
breast), in which case, the small breast is gone through a surgical operation
order to gain a normal appearance and size. With the purposes above, several
methods have been tried since the beginning of the twentieth century.

In 1904, paraffin was injected into the breast.

In the 1950s and 1960s, liquid silicone was injected into the breasts.

In 1958, Ivalon sponge (polyvinyl alcohol) was employed.

These methods caused extremely bad results due to the foreign body employed.
Later, breast augmentation was performed through using the patient’s own tissues.
Then, dermofat grafts and fat injections were tried, as well as some vacuum
devices, in breast augmentation. Unfortunately these methods were not
satisfactory and permanent.

Today, breast implants (or breast silicone, as widely known) used for this
purpose are the only and the best option for the candidates. They have been used
since 1963 and the quality of the products increase each year. Only in the USA,
more than two million people have been surgically operated using the breast
implant method.

There has been significant research on the breast implants within the last 25
years and novel methods and developments have been introduced. The American
official institution, FDA (Food and Drug Administration) and the European Union
institution EQUAM separately prepared a detailed protocol and published an
announcement on the silicone breast plants. According to the declarations:

1 – Silicone breast implants have not been seen to cause any carcinoma or other
malignant diseases.
2 – They do not prevent pregnancy.
3 – They do not prevent breast feeding.
Breast implants (silicone) are medical devices (similar to a balloon and shaped
like a breast) placed under the breast to support. The capsule contains solid
silicone and polyethylene.

According to the implant filler, they are two types:
a – Gel filled (gel or cohesive silicone),
b – Salin filled.

According to the surface of the capsule, they are two types:
a – Smooth surface
b – Textured

According to the shape, they are two types:
a – Round shaped
b – Tear drop, anatomical shaped, natural shaped

According to the height, they are two types.
a – Low profile
b – High profile, and super high profile . Also, there are one, two or three
layered capsulated types.

Incision types for breast implant :

Inframammary incision
Axillary incision
Transareolar incision, (Mustarde method)
Ä°nferior periareolar incision
Medial periareolar incision

Breast implants can be inserted into one of the following compartments.

1 – Subglandular (over the breast muscle and behind the breast tissue)
2 – Submuscular (beneath the pectoral muscle and on top of the chest wall)

You will want to discuss the pros and cons of these alternatives with your
doctor before surgery to make sure you fully understand the implications of the
procedure your doctor recommends for you. Needless to say, the size of the
implant (in cc) should be decided before the surgery with your surgeon.

Breast implant is performed at hospital under proper medical conditions.
The surgery lasts 1,5 hours.
Breast augmentation is performed under general anesthesia.
You can stay at hospital for one day or you can return home the same day of the
operation.
After the surgery, the patient is worn a surgical bra.
Within 2 days, the gauze dressings will be removed. And mini hemovac drains are
removed, too.
The removal of drainage is painless, there is no need to be anxious.
If the implant is inserted under the muscle, you may feel pain for 2 or 3 days.

The patient can return to normal life after 4 or 5 days.

Because the breast implants inserted into the body are actually foreign objects
to human body, typical reactions of the body will be seen after the surgery. In
other words, the body will try to expel the foreign substance (reject phenomenon).
When it cannot do so, the body insulates it by surrounding collagen tissue
around the surface of the implant. This is a normal reaction to any foreign
body. If the newly created collagen tissue of it reaches a few millimeters in
thickness, it will contract, the breast becomes harder and gets a rounded shape.
This results in a firmer or hardened breast and discomfort or pain. This is
called capsule formation. The implant will never harden itself. And, no human
body accepts the implants as a natural object.

The number of capsular contracture cases decreased considerably due to the
improvements in products and techniques.
I would like to clarify a point on a common myth. Some people may have developed
a sort of phobia or antipathy against silicone. The real story of the
misinformation is as follows. Silicone is the third most common substance in the
world. In nature, it can be found either a solid, gel or liquid. In the past,
liquid silicone used to be employed as a filler injection to acquire fuller lips
or to fill in the holes in the skin. Due to terrible results of these
applications, they are forbidden to employ in Turkey for years. I can never
imagine a surgeon who would try to inject liquid silicone into human body. Yet,
this substance may sometimes be imported into the country illegally. Or, more
horribly, some unauthorized and irresponsible persons use some commercial baby
oils as filler. The victims who gain a better look for 1 or 2 years go through
enormous problems which may last lifetime.
Breast implant ( Silicone) consists of solid or gel silicone. These types of
silicone do not harm to the body because they cannot leak into the tissues. As a
matter of fact, silicone exists in many types of daily products: For example,
lipsticks, hair sprays, deodorants, cake forms and many industrial products and
medical materials, etc.

As a consequence, we can say that:

Breast implant (silicone) is harmless.
Implants do not prevent pregnancy and breastfeeding.
Surgeries performed by qualified surgeons have 90% good or excellent results.

They can be easily removed whenever desired and harmlessly.

2- Mastopexy (Breast Lift )

Semicircular incision is made around the areola and a 5 -6 cm.incision is made
from the inferior part of the areola vertically up to inframamary sulcus. So,
the pythotic breasts are repositioned and reshaped. It leaves a small vertical
scar and around the areola.
Your breast lift will be performed in a hospital under general anesthesia,
sedatives plus local anesthesia.
Mastopexy usually takes two or three hours.
Patients may leave hospital on the same day or can stay in hospital for one day.

Patients can return to their normal life after one week.
The scars will be invisible after 6 months.
The effects of the surgery is permanent.

3- Reduction Mammaplasty

It is performed just like as in mastopexy. The excess breast and fatty tissues
are cut and removed, therefore, it lasts more than breast lift and causes a bit
more discomfort.
Patients will stay in hospital for 2 or 3 days.
Patients can return to their normal life after two weeks.
Depending on the size of the breast, postoperative scar can be reversed T shape.

In some cases, a revision surgery may be needed.
There may be limitation in breast feeding.

ABDOMINOPLASTY

The natural ability to give birth is a holy property given to women. However,
one or more pregnancies may cause undesirable changes in women’s breasts,
genital organs and abdomens. During pregnancy, women gain considerable amount of
weight. Part of this weight is lost after the birth, whereas some of it remains.
Abdominal muscles become flubby, stretched out and have marks called stria.

Besides, muscle weakness may have occured in abdominal wall. Flubby abdominal
skin is particulary noticeable in women who, through multiple pregnancies, have
stretched their abdominal muscles and skin beyond the point where they can
return to normal. Due to gravity force, the deformity may have increased even
more. Abdomen is part of the body where excessive fat is deposited.

When the excessive fat amount is reduced through losing weight, the abdominal
muscles may become flabby. The fat deposited here is resistant to diet and
physical exercise. Despite the absence of pregnancy, the same disorders are seen
in men, too.
Abdominal surgery is a surgery that improves the appearance of flabby, stretched-out
abdominal muscles and skin. Excessive fatty tissue and loose skin are removed.
Abdominoplasty is performed on males, as well. If required, liposuction may be
performed as a complementary action.

The surgery is performed in the operating room at hospital under general
anesthesia.
The surgery takes 1,5 or 2 hours. You may have to stay hospitalized for 1 or 2
days.
Sutures will be removed in seven to ten days.
The dressing may be replaced by a support garment for six weeks.
The post-surgery period is generally unproblematic.
Some slight pain, swelling, numbness inside the abdomen, some bluish colour may
occur.
Yet, all of these disappear in a short time.
Small flat tubes (drains) will be inserted to allow fluid to drain out of the
incisions
Which are removed in two days after the surgery.
You can return to your normal life in 2 to 4 weeks.

Abdominoplasty may leave some scars. Yet, the scar will not show under your
bathing suits or underwears. The place of the scar can be planned beforehand in
accordance with the type of the underwear the patient uses. There will be a scar
around the umbilicus, too. Yet, in time, they will flatten out and lighten in
colour.

Apart from the classical abdominoplasty, there is another type called “Mini
Abdominoplasty”. This surgery is performed to remove persistent excessive fats
and flabby look in the lower part of the abdomen. There is no scar left over the
umbilicus. It is an easier surgery compared to the other one. You may be leave
hospital within a few hours.

Abdominoplasty is an operation with permanent effects.

Brachioplasty – Armlift

A brachioplasty (also known as an arm lift), is a surgical procedure to remove
and tighten the loose skin. When you age, the upper arm skin characteristically
loses its elasticity and becomes loose and flabby. Looseness of the skin that is
altered in time increases when the fat, muscle and bone tissues dissolve under
the skin.

Loose skin that can be seen in the rear and interior arm part (Bat Wing
Deformity), occur by old age, periodical weight loss and/or force of gravity. (The
size of loose skin and the amount of fat tissue deposited there may change from
individual to individual). The Brachioplasty surgery usually lasts an hour. The
patient may have local or general anesthesia.

The scar is hidden in the axillary area and cannot be seen clearly. It heals
well in about 10 days.
When the skin quality is high without any looseness, that is, in the cases of
too much fat deposits, it may also be suggested that liposuction be used to
remove the excess fat deposits. However, when excess fat deposits are
accompanied with loose skin, a brachioplasty surgery is required. As long as
good candidates are selected, the results of the brachioplasty make happy both
the patient and the surgeon.

Inguinal Lifting (Leg Lift)

Inguinal Lifting is performed through an incision into the inguinal part of the
leg, Principally, the surgery is the same as brachioplasty. The recovery after
the surgery is the same as-or a little bit more than-that of brachioplasty.

LIPOSUCTION, LIPOSCULPTURE

Liposuction is the removal of persistent fat deposited in certain areas of the
body and which is impossible to lose by diet or physical exercises. The purpose
of the operation is certainly not weight reduction. It is a body contouring
operation.

The fat in human body is usually deposited in two compartments:
1- Superficial fat layer
2- Deep fat layer.

The fat deposited in the deep layer has a loose structure whereas the
superficial fat is surrounded by collagen tissue straps and hard in structure.
Cellulite is best defined as the shrinkage of the collagen tissue band in which
fat is deposited in the chambers.The number of the fat tissue cells does not
change after the adolescence. Through gaining weight the volume of the fat cells
increases. By means of liposuction operation the excessive fat is removed from
the persistent fat deposits and the number of the fat cells in these parts of
the body decreases. In case you gain weight after the liposuction operation,
there will be an even distribution of fat in the body. In other words, there
will not be so much deposit and swelling in the persistent fat deposits.

Liposuction, which was first performed in the 1970s, is one of the most
important innovations of the last three decades in the aesthetic surgery. In the
early phases, due to the use of too thick hollow steel tubes called cannulas,
underdeveloped medical techniques, inadequate devices and inexperienced
practices led to undesirable and unpleasant and even bad results. Skin
irregularities and undulations, change in skin colour, loss of feeling or
numbness or shocks resulting from excessive blood and electrolyte loss or even
deaths used to be listed among the complications of liposuction. However, with
the developments in technology, operational techniques and experience these bad
consequences have become part of history.

Today, liposuction is regarded as one of the safest and most effective types of
operation when it is performed by a qualified surgeon on good candidates. It is
considered to be so safe that according to a research conducted by the
International Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery (ISAPS), liposuction has been
found to be the most frequent cosmetic operation in the world.

At one session about 3-4 liters of fat can be removed. If the limit is required
to be exceeded, the levels of blood and electrolytes must be checked and, if
required, blood transfusion must be performed. In the cases such as morbid
obesity with young (between 20-30 years of age) and overweight patients (more
than 120-130 kg), the greatest amount of fat removal performed in one session
has been about 28 liters. (MEGALIPOSCULPTURE ).
LiIPOPLASTY is a term used for the cosmetic operation on the fatty tissue.

LIPOSUCTION is a surgical procedure designed to sculpt or contour one or more
areas of the body, by removing localized deposits of fat. LIPOINJECTION or
LIPOFILLING is a process by which fat is harvested from one area of the body (usually
the periumbilical region, thigh or buttock) through a thin cannula and injected
into the region contour deformity. These are the basic terms. All other terms
used to describe fat tissue plastic surgery have been derived from these terms.

In ultrasound-assisted Liposuction, also called ultrasonic liposuction, a
special cannula is used. This transmits ultrasound vibrations to the area of
excess fat in order to break up and emulsify (liquefy) the fat cells. However,
because the thickness of the cannula is too much and the risk of burning and
leaving scars, this method is not popular in Turkey as well as in the world.

The international terms usually used for Liposuction are:

Liposuction
Suction Assisted Lipectomy ( SAL )
Superficial Liposuction
Multiple All Layer Liposuction (MALL)
Liposcalpture
Ultrasound Assisted Lipectomy (UAL)

We strongly recommend that people who use some other made-up terms and attempt
to deceive candidates as if they invented a new method or technique only to make
profit, should be strictly avoided, as they do not comply with professional
ethics. Some of these people may even claim that they can remove fat at lunch-breaks,
without pain, blood or anesthesia.

The fact should be very well known that there is no operation can be made
without pain. However, local anesthesia can of course be employed not to feel
pain.
It should be known that a bloodless operation is impossible. Research
demonstrate that 1 liter of removed fat contain 70 cc blood. This shows that
those who claim to conduct a bloodless operation do not tell the truth about the
operation.

If the fat is to be removed from a small and limited area of the body, through
vacuum injection and local anesthesia, fat can be removed and the patient can
return to his/her job in a very short time. Yet, this is a very restricted
application.
There are claims that there won’t be any scar after operation; this is usually
connected to the vacuum injectors sometimes employed by us, the plastic surgeons.
In short, those false claims announced as breakthroughs are nothing but
liposuction technique used for years by plastic surgeons for limited areas of
the body.

Liposuction is performed in hospital under local anesthesia (for small areas),
sedatives plus local anesthesia or general anesthesia.

Before the liposuction operation, the surgeon measures the amount of deposits
while the patient is standing and marks the more extensive areas of fat deposits
on the patient’s skin.

After the anesthesia, the marked area to remove the fat is injected a specially
prepared fluid to swell so that that the fat deposits can be removed easily and
with much less blood loss.

After the surgery, the patient is dressed in elastic compressive bands or
garments.

The garment is recommended to be worn for 4-6 weeks.

The bruising or swelling that may occur after the operation will disappear in
two or three weeks.
As in all medical operations, patients of liposuction should select a qualified
surgeon after a careful research. Patients are strongly recommended to get
information about all the risks and complications and to avoid so-called “experts”–the
profit makers–who try to deceive people with false advertisements.

Calf Augmentation

Calf Augmentation is performed in order to achieve a smooth appearance of the
weak calves.

Special silicone gel implants (in the shape of a cigar) are employed for this
purpose.

The surgery is performed under general anesthesia, spinal anesthesia or sedation
plus local anesthesia.

It takes 1 hour.

You don’t have to stay at hospital after the surgery.

You can return professional life within 4-5 days.

Surgical bandages are recommended to be used for 2-3 weeks.

The scar of the incision is hidden on popliteal area (beneath the knee).

Scars become invisible in time.

Nose Surgery

Made for all ages over 18. During the operation, deviation (interior crookedness)
can be also cure.
Usually operation takes about one or two hours.

There can be little bruises and swollen sometimes or not. Nose Tampons taken out
after 48 hours from operation.

There are no pain or distress while tampons taken out from the nose.

Plaster taken out the 8. day of the operation and place a bandage. In normal
conditions patient can be back to normal life from the 4.day.
Eyelid Surgery(Blepharoplasty)

Removing the extra skin and fat on Eyelids, clear away swollen eye skins that
show people tired. There will not be any scar on operated area. Local is
possible.

Face and Neck Lifting(Face Lifting,Rhytidectomy)

By lifting, slack face skin, face looks younger. In the same operation also neck
and forehead wrinkled ness can be removed.

Patient can back to normal life in two weeks. There will not be any definite
scar on operated area.
Ear Aesthetic(Otoplasty)

Usually for ladle ears. Ear growing stops the age of 5-6 so that operation must
be usually before school period.
Breast Augment(Augmentation Mammoplasty)

Giving normal shapes for small and deformed breasts after birth, placed
silicones are two different kinds as filled of jelly density or serum
physiological.

Patient can back to normal life in two days. No interference for suckle.
Breast Reduction(Reduction Mammoplasty)

Patients are having some problems as having backache, skin rash and finding
suitable dresses because of slack and over size breasts.

Operation takes about approximately 3 hours. There happens scars on nipples and
under breasts.

Necessary to stay at the hospital for two days. Patient can back to normal life
in a week. During pregnancy, suckle can be little or none.

Breast Up(Mastopexy)

Can be use only lifting or breast prosthesis. Scars are dependent on the
technique.

Does not prevent from suckle. Patient can discharged from the hospital next day
and can back to normal life in 5-6 days.
Fat Absorption(Liposuction)

In Fat Absorption operation by vacuum, there will not be any fat accumulation in
the operated area again because of removing the all fat cells.

Always having good results for the operations under the age of 35 and regional
extra fats but there are some exceptions.

The aim of this operation is to shape the body perfectly. After operation
patient need to use bandage and corset for 10 days. Ending used special corset
in 3 weeks. Patient can to take a bath after 1 week.
Abdomen Lifting(Abdominoplasty)

Used for removing a slack abdomen and some splits on skin because of giving
birth and losing too much weight may cause.

Operation takes about 2 hours. Necessary to stay at the hospital for 3 days and
back to normal life after 15 days.
Face Rejuvenate

Can operating with Local and General Anesthesia.

The transaction and injection the fats which taken out from the abdomen and
inside thigh to face can be done in 30-40 minutes.

After 15 days, there will be no swollen and scar. Patient can back to normal
life after 3-4 days.

Hair Plant

Necessary grefs having from the closer area to the neck for planting and there
will be no empty space.

Hair grefs can plant to hairless area after transacting. Operation is operating
under the Local anesthesia and it takes about 3-5 hours.

Original hairs get out in 3-6 months after planting.